Radović, doc. dr Gordana

Objektivna potreba za osiguranjem poljoprivrede u Republici Srpskoj veoma je velika, pogotovo u uslovima sve izraženijih klimatskih promena. Na tržištu je sve veća konkurencija osiguravača, koji u svojoj ponudi imaju i osiguranje poljoprivrede, a postoji i značajna podrška države, izražena kroz subvencije premije poljoprivrednog osiguranja. Autorka analizira broj i strukturu polisa osiguranja poljoprivrede, učešće ukupnih premija poljoprivrednog osiguranja u ukupnoj premiji neživotnih osiguranja, kao i broj registrovanih poljoprivrednih gazdinstava koji je koristio regrese premije poljoprivrednog osiguranja, odnosno osiguravao svoju proizvodnju, te zaključuje da u Republici Srpskoj nije u dovoljnoj primeni ekonomska zaštita koja se pruža osiguranjem poljoprivrede. Ključne reči: osiguranje poljoprivrede, osigurani rizici, polisa osiguranja, subvencionisanje premije poljoprivrednog osiguranja, Republika Srpska

Cilj rada je prikaz karakteristika osiguranja poljoprivrede na globalnom nivou. Osiguranje poljoprivrede najčešće se posmatra, u užem smislu, kao osiguranje biljne proizvodnje i osiguranje životinja. Taj vid ekonomske zaštite primenjuje se od XVIII veka, a danas se smatra delom sveobuhvatne strategije upravljanja rizikom u poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji. Najznačajnije razlike u sistemu osiguranja poljoprivrede na globalnom nivou jesu u obuhvatu rizika koje je moguće osigurati u pojedinim državama, kao i u tome da li su, ili koliko su, premije osiguranja poljoprivrede subvencionisane od strane države. Osiguranje poljoprivrede u većini država je dobrovoljno, negde je uslov za ostvarivanje prava na poljoprivredne subvencije, a obavezno je samo u Grčkoj i na Kipru. Ključne reči: osiguranje poljoprivrede, osiguranje biljne proizvodnje, osiguranje životinja, rizici u osiguranju poljoprivrede, državna podrška osiguranju poljoprivrede, subvencionisanje premije osiguranja, modeli tržišta osiguranja poljoprivrede.

In Serbia, insurance is generally voluntary, and the law may establish compulsory insurance against risks to third parties and risks presenting a general peril. The aim of this paper is to present and analyse current types of compulsory insurance in Serbia. For this purpose, data from the website of the National Bank of Serbia is used as data source. According to these data, including February 2019, there are 34 types of compulsory insurance in Serbia, which are stipulated by individual laws. The paper states the characteristics of compulsory insurance, current types, as well as proposals for introduction of new types of compulsory insurance in Serbia. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that there is no compulsory agricultural insurance in Serbia, although it is a high-risk production. The author advocates the introduction of partial compulsory agricultural insurance, which would apply to agricultural entities that are beneficiaries of a state resource.

Key words: insurance in Serbia, types of compulsory insurance, insurance contract, partial compulsory agricultural insurance

Crop insurance i.e. the insurance of crops and fruit in Serbia is effected on a voluntary basis, under the general and special insurance terms and conditions defined by insurance companies (insurers) in accordance with the Insurance Law. The aim of this paper is to analyse the offer of crop insurance in the agriculture insurance market in Serbia and identify if the causes for insufficient development of this type of insurance lie in the offer. For that purpose, the paper will use the comparative research method to compare and analyse special crop insurance terms and conditions i.e. terms and conditions for insurance of crops and fruit issued by the four major domestic insurers. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that on the agricultural insurance market in Serbia, there is a satisfactory offer regarding crop insurance, that is, the reasons for insufficient development of this insurance line do not lie in the offer. Instead, demand will need to be encouraged and developed, as is the case with majority of other insurance lines on the domestic market.

Key words: crop insurance, special insurance terms and conditions, agricultural insurance market, insurance in Serbia

Prikaz knjige : "KLIMATSKE PROMENE I OSIGURANJE POLJOPRIVREDE". Autori: prof. dr Vladimir Njegomir, prof. dr Boris Marović, prof. dr Radovan Pejanović i prof. dr Bogdan Kuzmanović Izdavač: „Princip Press“, Beograd, 2017. Obim: 348 strana

Agricultural insurance should have the same position in Serbia as in contemporary market economy. Modern, market-oriented agriculture is inconceivable without well organised and developed insurance. The developement of agricultural insurance in domestic conditions should involve a more active role of the government. The role of the government could also be reflected in the introduction of partly compulsory agricultural insurance and the provision of funds from the agrarian budget for higher insurance premium subsidies. At the same time, insurance companies should have a key role in domestic market of agricultural insurance by developing both offer and demand, as well as in informing and educating farmers on the importance of economic protection of their production. The aim of the paper is to present the need for the introduction of partly compulsory agricultural insurance in Serbia. The suggested model of partly compulsory agricultural insurance is based on a public-private partnership, and its implementation would not only enable the development of agricultural insurance, but would ensure funds necessary for current and investment financing of this significant economic activity.

Key words: compulsory insurance, agricultural insurance, agriculture funding, Serbia