Stevanović, Nebojša

S razvojem društva povećala se mogućnost za prouzrokovanje raznih šteta. Štete se stalno prouzrokuju životu čoveka i njegovom integritetu. Tokom obavljanja mnogih vrsta korisnih aktivnosti, delatnosti i radnji neretko se dešavaju razne povrede. Povrede mogu biti takve prirode da žrtva ili povređeno lice budu dovedeni u stanje u kojem život postaje osobito težak. Naročito težak invaliditet žrtvu dovodi u teško stanje direktno, a bliske srodnike indirektno. Ovo je nateralo zakonodavca, pravnu nauku i sudsku praksu da budu odgovorni prema tim stanjima i situacijama. Naročito težak invaliditet često se prouzrokuje na radnom mestu, u raznim vrstama saobraćaja (putničkom, železničkom itd.) i u sportskim aktivnostima. Teški oblici invaliditeta i unakaženosti imaju vidljive posledice budući da žrtva i bliski srodnici doživljavaju psihički bol i patnju jakog intenziteta. Štete s teškim posledicama najčešće nastaju prilikom obavljanja posla sa opasnim stvarima ili u opasnim delatnostima, naročito u javnom saobraćaju, pri pružanju zdravstvenih usluga, delanju u službama bezbednosti i oružanim snagama, a moguće je da naročito težak invaliditet bude izazvan i zagađenjem životne sredine

Osiguranje je finansijska aktivnost koja se sastoji u tome da privredni subjekti, tačnije osiguravajuća društva, prikupljaju finansijska sredstva u obliku premije osiguranja od fizičkih i pravnih lica da bi im, u slučaju ostvarivanja rizika predviđenih ugovorom o osiguranju iliti polisom, isplatili osiguranu sumu novca. Osnov osiguranja leži u načelu uzajamnosti i na tom načelu zasnivaju se pojedine oblasti osiguranja, u koje ubrajamo i životno osiguranje (ŽO). Na razvoj ŽO utiču razni faktori, a najznačajniji su životni standard i ekonomska stabilnost zemlje. Jedna vrsta životnog osiguranja jeste i osiguranje života za slučaj smrti korisnika kredita. Zastupljena je u zemljama EU, ali odnedavno i u našoj zemlji, i utiče na rast portfelja osiguravajućih kuća koje se time bave. Sa ekonomskim razvojem i stabilizacijom prilika u zemlji, kao i sa otvaranjem tržišta, omogućeno je rešavanje egzistencijalnih pitanja građana kao što je kupovina stanova putem kredita dobijenih od poslovnih banaka. Pri tom se kao jedna od mera obezbeđenja koristi i polisa osiguranja života korisnika kredita založena u korist banke. Zalaganjem polise osiguranja u korist banke poverilac (banka) može naplatiti dospelo potraživanje osiguranika do visine ugovorene osigurane sume ukoliko nastupi osiguravajući slučaj.

In terms of life insurance contracts, there are no standard forms of this kind of contract or policy that would satisfy its form. This kind of contract comprises of provisions that regulate the relationship between an insurer and an insured, but also provisions that provide protection to user, i.e. to service consumer- the insured. Those provisions are in fact clauses, and regulated group of clauses are insurance terms and conditions, which form an integral part of a policy.

Pecuniary compensation for suffered physical pain is determined depending on: personality of the claimant, pain duration, pain intensity, character of injury, age of the claimant. Type of injury and injured body part also play the part in the determination of the amount of compensation. Short duration of pains or their low intensity may result in the fact that the claimant’s right to compensation for mental injury will not be recognized.

The modern insurance business often borders on activities performed by banks. The separation line is sometimes ambiguous and with no clear configuration. The classic and straightforward insurance activities, belong to the past. “Money” is earned particularly within that grey zone of operation. Developed countries of EU, noticed this phenomenon long time ago. The relation “insurance-bank” and vice versa, takes the shape of various forms of organizing, ranging from mutual entering into proprietary relationship, to reciprocal use of the sales network as a favorable distribution channel. In that way an overpowering synergy is created and it signifies cooperative work which improves the effectiveness of the whole.

Bank assurance is the assurance provided by the banking system through the selling of insurance and other banking products. Banks of today do not only concentrate on financial support and services to business loans and development; they also offer financial independence by merging with independent insurance companies. Other banks establish their own insurance companies. It is better to purchase insurance products from your bank rather than from insurance agents because you need not transfer from one place to another in times of payment.

Personal data protection is significant improvement in the field of personalrights and in the regulation ofsuch issue.Development of science, technology, electronic technology and communication worldwide and in Europe, more precisely in the European Union, as well as in our country, has brought about the necessity of personal data protection. Accordingly, rules that regulate the protection of personal data in the course of their usage and processing have been enacted.
Regulations in the field of social insurance and health care and other regulations governing the exercising of personal rights will necessarily have to be brought into conformity with the amendments to the Insurance Law and drafting of the new Serbian Civil Code. This would settle disagreement, that is, harmonize the very important segment of the right to the protection of personal data with the right of insurers to obtain information about insured events.

Serbia is a country with a long legal tradition that spans from the Middle Ages (Dusan’s Code) to the new century and the enactment of the Civil Code in 1844, that was abrogated in 1946. Our country’s commitment to the European integration and to becoming EU member implies the elaboration of a civil code. Thus, Serbia would join the group of countries which have regulated civil and legal issues by the enactment of a civil code.
Codified legal solutions will contribute to considerably increased legal and social security of all legal entities. The preventive effect of numerous provisions of this document, particularly as regards liability for damage caused and indemnity, is of great importance. For this reason, improvements in people’s everyday life and in the operation of legal entities are anticipated. Harmonization of legal solutions with the EU law will accelerate the necessary integration processes which are the essential pre-condition for the further successful advancement of Serbia, itscitizens and legal entities.